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109 Washington Street
109 Washington Street is a five-story tenement on the Lower West Side of Manhattan in New York City, within the area once known as Little Syria. Due to demolitions connected to the construction of the Brooklyn Battery Tunnel and the World Trade Center, it stands as the last tenement on a portion of lower Washington Street that has been estimated by Kate Reggev to have contained around 50 tenements.〔Reggev, Kate. ''105-107 and 109 Washington Street.'' "Save Washington Street" Report. September 2012. (). p. 24.〕 After September 11, 2001, its proximity to the World Trade Center site made it the subject of some media attention, including a nationally syndicated radio story about the experiences of its residents on the day of the attack.〔''109 on 9-11: An Audio Documentary''. PRI. August/September 2003. Radio.〕 In recent years, community officials,〔(Community Board One Resolution. April 17, 2007 )〕 activists, and preservationists have advocated for its designation as a landmark as part of a mini-historical district with the connected buildings of St. George's Syrian Catholic Church and the Downtown Community House.
== Previous structures ==
A four-story, brick “public store” that received goods from the piers on West Street stood at 109 Washington Street since the early 1820s, if not before; several other nearby buildings on Washington Street at Nos. 97, 101, and 103 were also commercial structures serving the same purpose.〔New York City Board of Health. ''A History of the Proceedings of the Board of Health, of the City of New-York...'' New York: P & H Van Pelt, 1823; Jones, Andrew A. ''Jones' Digest: Being a Particular and Detailed Account of the Duties Performed by the Various Offices Belonging to the Custom-House Departments of the United States''. New York: G.F. Hopkins & Son, 1835. p. 53.〕 Typically, public stores in large cities like New York housed goods coming directly from the wharves so that they could be appraised before being brought to the individual shops or markets where they would be sold. Owned at the time by Samuel Swartwout, a wealthy land speculator, an 1837 fire at the store led to a valuation of its goods at approximately $300,000, including pipes of lime juice; boxes of glass; cases of wine, brandy, and gin; boxes of cigars; and cases of cordials.〔New York City Department of Finance, Conveyance Liber #6, Prior to 1917, Block 45-54; United States Congress House. “Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury.” ''House Documents, 27th Congress, Third Session''. January 19, 1843. p. 2; “Domestic: Fire and Loss of Life.” ''The Boston Recorder''. 9 June 1837. American Periodicals, p. 91.〕 By the 1850s, the property housed a residential building that was occupied by Irish and Irish-American families throughout the 1860s and 1870s; beginning in the 1870s and 1880s, German immigrants joined the Irish population. Common occupations were servants, sailors, cooks, machinists, laborers, longshoremen, and barbers.〔“To The Anniversary folks.” ''The New York Daily Tribune''. 13 May 1857, p. 7; U.S. Census, New York, New York. 1860.〕
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